Strategic Management Language Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Strategic Management Language - Essay Example Under the influence of this principle, individuals in the business community increasingly decided to use some of their corporate power and wealth for the social good. These voluntary community obligations to improve, beautify, and uplift were quite evident by many business leaders. One early example was the cooperative effort between the railroads and the YMCA immediately after the Civil War to provide community services in areas served by the railroads. Although these services economically benefited the railroads, they were at the same time philanthropic (Shalhoud, 1999). In another example, steel magnate Andrew Carnegie put much of his great wealth to work for education. Henry Ford adopted a paternalistic style of management and made recreational and health programs available to Ford employees. The company town was one of the most visible examples of paternalism. Although business's motives for creating company towns (for example, the Pullman/Illinois experiment) were mixed, busine ss had to do a considerable amount of work in governing them (Shalhoud, 1999). Thus, the company accepted a form of paternalistic social responsibility. ... Because corporations control vast resources, because they are powerful, and because this power and wealth come from their operations within society, they have an obligation to serve society's needs. In this way, corporations and their leaders and managers become stewards, or trustees for society which forms an image of trust about the organisation among the society member. Under the influence of this principle, Congress, the popular press, and other factions started to attack many large and powerful organisations whose attitudes they perceived to be both anticompetitive and antisocial. Antitrust laws and other legislation began to place constraints on the actions of organisations. In general, there was a shift in the public perception of a corporation's place within and obligation to society. CSR & Strategic thinking To understand better why some organisations fall ethically, we can explore organisational attitudes toward stakeholders in the form of corporate social responsibility (CSR), the relationship between the CSR and a firm's strategic management can be found from various definitions of CSR. For many organisations, commitment to CSR is shown in references to stakeholders and "triple bottom line" thinking (i.e., financial, environmental, and social responsibility bottom lines). One useful definition of CSR is that it requires "the continuing commitment by business to behaving ethically and contributing to economic development while improving the quality of life of the work force and their families as well as of the community and society at large" (Anderson, 1989). The economy could only be improved in the long run and so strategic thinking is critical. Criticism of business

How and why did the American Revolution happen Essay

How and why did the American Revolution happen - Essay Example During the war, British contributed a lot in the military in the war between French and Indians. As a result, British felt that they possessed the colonies. They wanted to own what they had fought for because they contributed many military. However, British ended up having a large debt. This reduced the practice of the salutary neglect in the colonies. British decided that the colonies should be of great help in defraying defense cost. This attitude helped in loosening the bonds that existed from England across Atlantic to America. In the year 1763, George III issued a settlement limit law in that there was a limited settlement in the Western and beyond Appalachian mountains prohibited. However, this caused many colonists to feel that the order as an offensive one. The king made a proclamation that it was reasonable for the Indian tribes that lived under the protection of British were not to face any disturbance in any way or molestation. At first, this worked effectively and admirab ly, because it helped in ending the rebellion known as Pontiac. This rebellion took a period of seventeen months and led by a chief called Pontiac from Ottawa. During this period, there was a conflict whereby Iroquios Indians, Delaware, and Ottawa fought against the forces of the British in an attempt to have their lost lands back that they lost during the war. Though pacification of Indians was successful, the settlers of the place felt enraged and analyzed the statement of the proclamation as a dare of the royal. The settlers decided to extend their settlement to the prohibited areas beyond the Appalachian Mountains, which was one of the areas forbidden. As a result, the Indians felt provoked and decided to conduct raids to those settlers who lived in the prohibited places. Therefore, the settlers had to seek help from the British royal authorities (Axelrod 18). The parliament made by the British insisted that all the American colonists were to pay tax. The colonists joined and in turn, formation of a congress in the continent occurred. However, the colonists ensured that in each of the thirteen colonies, formation of a shadow government took place effectively (Finkelman 241). After this progress, the colonists remained loyal to the British king for some time. Finally, a boycott towards the taxation of the British tea took place and the Americans who were the colonists under the British power did destruction of the tea from the ships. This led to the formation of a party by the name Boston Tea in the year 1773. As a reaction by London towards that tea destruction, self-governments, this existed in Massachusetts, ended and replaced by the General of the British army by the name Thomas Gage who became the governor (Axelrod 25). During April in 1775, the governor found out that there was a gathering of weapons in Concord. He sent some troops of the British troops to do the destruction of the weapons. The local military did the confrontation of the groups and th is called for exchange of fire. Several pleas to the British rulers to do intervention together with the parliament, the royals declared that the congress was made of traitors (Divine 24). After this, the congress reacted and did a declaration of independence of a super nation by the name United States of America. This happened on 4th July 1776. However, this influenced rejection of the declaration by the loyalists from America. The loyalists decided to side with the King but they ended up in exclusion from power. However, rebellion extension to Quebec and areas

Copyright Laws in Education

Copyright Laws in Education Abstract This paper is to give information on the copyright laws, Fair Use Act and the obligation of the classroom teacher to follow copyright laws. Within the paper, you will find different copyright laws and the reflection of that case or law. Lastly, you will read how important it is for teachers to understand copyright laws and how they can affect the teacher. I hope this paper gives the information needed to give the basic of Copyright Laws and background to the development of the Copyright laws. According to the Association of Research Libraries, the history of the Copyright law originated with the introduction of the printing press to England in the late fifteenth century (ARL 2017). Due to the rising number of printing presses, publication needed to be controlled. Across Europe, book growth exploded and there was an immediate need for protection of the rights of both the author and publisher from the earliest of literary pirates (HOC PP1). Per De Montfort University, copyright is a term used to define the legal property right subsisting in various works which result from the intellect of the creator. There were many laws created for copyright to not happen: 1787- U.S Constitution, 1790- Copyright Act, 1853- Stowe Vs. Thomas, 1891- International Copyright Treaty, 2005- Family Entertainment and Copyright Act. These were passed to ensure that no person was accused of copyright infringement. History of Copyright Laws Why they were passed A few laws that I will share are: 1787, this was when the acknowledgement of copyright was placed into the United States Constitution. According to the U.S Constitution, it states that the authors and inventors would have their work secured for a limited time and could be renewed every fourteen years (ARL.org). In 1790, the first copyright law was passed, this secured maps, charts, and books of authors. According to the ARL, it granted American authors the right to print, reprint, or publish their work. For the next copyright law, I wanted to share Stowe vs Thomas in 1853. I love books so why not share a case that shows how copyright laws affect individuals. Harriet Beecher Stowe sued a German publisher by the name of F.W Thomas (ARL). Beechers book, Uncle Toms Cabin, was translated into German and sold in the United States without Beechers permission. So, even though you did not take the words to make them your own, there are still consequences for the actions taken. As shown on ARL .org, copyright can happen to anyone and anywhere. With that being said, profits could not be made in European countries. Authors, publishers and printers joined together to support international copyright (ARL, Vaidhyanathan 50-55). Now for the last one that everyone knows and see every time they watch a movie. Per ARL, the Family Entertainment and Copyright Act was enacted in April of 2005. This copyright law was created to give criminal penalties to individuals who may have recorded a movie while in the theater or those who may stream movies illegally. These laws were passed to ensure safety to not only authors, and publishers but also to ensure that individuals do not face future criminal charges. Fair Use Act How it applies to Teachers What is the Fair Use Act? According to the OCPS.net, Fair Use lets copyrighted material be used under certain guidelines, without the copyright holders permission, for purposes such as news reportings, teaching, research, criticism and parody. As far as teachers are concerned, though the Fair Use Act is in place, they should still consider taking the appropriate actions when using information that does not belong to them. Classroom teachers often photocopy readings and worksheets. Did you know that it could be copyright infringement if you make too many? According to Brighthub Education, if you are sued for copyright, you can use the Fair Use Act to your defense. The court would use the following factors: The purpose and character of the use The nature of the copyrighted work The amount and substantially of the portion used The effect of the use upon the potential market for or value of the copyrighted work. Teachers Ethical Obligation to follow copyright laws According to Auburn.edu, teachers are constantly faced with opportunities to uphold or violate copyright laws. As an educator, you are to be professional and uphold your duties are a professional educator. One of the consequences could be termination of your job if you are found guilty of copyright infringement. It is important that teachers are aware of what constitutes Fair Use and abide by the rules set forth by their school system (University, 2017). Teachers are at the center of growth of technology. Teachers are faced with so many problems related to copyright laws. (University, 2017). As per Auburn.edu, teachers must be the role model for their students and educate them on copyright laws and what they can do to avoid copyright infringement. We as future educators, are the heart and soul of children learning. We give them the skills they need to use in life and to further their education. Throughout school, students will continue to write essays and be state tested on how they write. They want to give forth their best effort, as their teacher, you are the one who gives them this skill. Part of my personal ethics as an educator, I will strive to give my children the correct knowledge not only for everything education but copyright. References (n.d.). Fair Use | Association of Research Libraries ® | ARL ®. Retrieved February 22, 2017, from http://www.arl.org/focus-areas/copyright-ip/fair-use#.WK2_djsrLIU Copyright and Fair Use for Teachers. (n.d.). Retrieved February 22, 2017, from https://www.ocps.net/lc/east/htc/mediacenter/Documents/FairUse. Explaining Copyright Law and How It Applies to Teachers: What You Need to Know About Fair Use, Making Copies More. (2015, August 31). Retrieved February 22, 2017, from http://www.brighthubeducation.com/teaching-methods-tips/6623-understanding-copyright-law-and-fair-use-for-teachers/ Home. (n.d.). Retrieved February 22, 2017, from http://www.historyofcopyright.org/index.html Welcome to the Digital Citizenship. (n.d.). Retrieved February 22, 2017, from https://www.auburn.edu/citizenship/index.html

Computer Crimes versus Traditional Crimes :: Crime Hacker Internet Theft Fraud

Computer Crimes versus Traditional Crimes A computer hacker can steal more with a computer than a weapon. For example, internet auction fraud (i.e., EBay) was by far the most reported offense, comprising 44.9% complaints as opposed to check fraud which made up 4.9% complaints.1 It is my opinion that many crimes involving computers are the same as crimes committed without one and that the computer is just a tool to help aide the criminal in committing the offense. Stealing is a crime and should not be considered different just because a computer is involved. Computer crimes are no different from other crimes, and computer criminals should be held responsible for the damage they cause. In order to determine if computer crimes are the same as non-computer crimes, we must first define what crime is. The broad definition of crime is an offense against public law and the intentional commission of an act usually deemed socially harmful or dangerous,2 but there are several types of crime. For instance, robbery is the taking of another’s property either by force or fear with the intent to deprive the owner of the property. Crimes, such as fraud, theft (including identity theft), forgery, and embezzlement, can occur in both the traditional sense (without a computer) or in a more contemporary sense in which computers are used to facilitate the illegal activity. Computer crime, or cyber crime, has been defined as a crime in which a computer plays an essential part. This type of crime is the illegal exploitation of computer technologies most often involving the Internet. In a relatively short period of time, we as a society have witnessed an explosion of technological computer advancements. For instance, today there are over 5 million computers permanently attached to the Internet and at least that many which are only sporadically online compared to only 200 in 1983.3 Based on this wide spread use of the internet, the United States government is desperately attempting to define what constitutes cyber crime and the appropriate punishment associated with the crime. It is very tough to apply the consequences of many of the computer crimes that are being done each day because it is such a recent problem in society. In time I believe it will be much easier to determine who and how people are going about doing illegal activities online, but as of now we don’t have the technology or time to catch all those hackers out there.

Hitting the Wall: Nike and International Labor Practices

It is ironic to see how an organization like Nike would response to its negative labor practices in quite an immature way, especially when it carries a big brand image in the industry and has a lot on stake to lose; with respect to its loyal clientele and future growth opportunities. In my opinion, Nike’s approach was almost prohibitive, specifically for the initial few years. I agree, later on in May, 1998 Knight announced a series of sweeping reforms however; what is shocking to me, it took Nike roughly 18 years to realize that some serious steps are needed to address the allegations and their future steps must go beyond and over than what they had committed themselves to. Nike was pressed by the circumstances to think this way as their bottom line had truly started to suffer. Evidently, since 1980’s the corporation had been plagued by a series of labor incidents and public relations nightmares but what has astounded me is â€Å"despite the criticism; they insisted that labor conditions in its contractors’ factories were not — could not — be Nike’s concern or its responsibility†. Initially, Nike was moving quite fast from one country to another just to accomplish their low cost manufacturing agendas. It is quite relevant, applicable and fair for any organization to outsource where they can save cost but it should not be on someone else expense where the organization is violating human rights and/or the labor is not even making enough to meet their bare minimum necessities. All these bad business practices of Nike got them in mainstream where they were not able to come up with innovative ideas to be in command of this bad publicity. As the matter was heating up Nike did try to address many issues which are surely commendable but the major issue of workers minimum wage was never resolved up until 1998. This is exactly where Nike was getting benefited from (low-wages). In response to the entire kiosk, Nike did draft a series of regulations for its contractors; they also tried to be cooperative with government made organizations, hired an outside firm Ernst and Young in 1996 to audit its suppliers manufacturing facilities, created another labor practices department to keep checks and balances, hired a civil rights leader to do an independent evaluation of their code of conduct and so on so forth. Doing this gave birth to another problem: All these were on Nikes pay roll which dilutes the purpose in itself. In the end Nike’s initiatives were becoming self contradicting. Where Nike has done an awesome job is, when Knight almost surrender Nike and accepted indirectly that their company has been a part of slave wages, forced overtime and arbitrary abuse and also showed his true commitment to abolish all these from Nike’s business. It was not just words at this point but some fundamental changes have been made in their existing policies and also many further effective steps were taken which were relatively appreciable. Nike’s becoming a part of FLA (Fair Labor Association) was the right step in right direction but of course at very later stages. No doubts, Nike could have done many things differently. First, they should not have made a rough statement at early stages that Nike has nothing to do with what goes in their vendor’s facilities. Second, they could have hired a complete NGO to check and evaluate their labor practices overseas. Third, they should have taken the full responsibility right from the beginning for their wrong doing acts instead of defending their image and keep executing their same old policies. Basically, what Nike has done in the end by almost confessing its all wrong doings, is what it must have done way earlier in the game. Doing this should have given a positive spin to the entire situation and must have helped Nike to save its image while making its remarkable name in the industry for using good business practices.

Doing Your Homework Essay

You should do your own homework. Copying someone else is illegal, and you can get a failing grade or even be kicked out of school. If you cheat on your job, you can be fired or arrested and put into jail; the government will certainly find you if you cheat on your taxes! Copying someone else’s homework also means that you never learn how to do that work for yourself, so when you need the information later (let’s say the teacher actually gives you a test on it where you can’t copy! ) then you don’t know how to do it and you get another bad grade. Also, if you don’t do your homework, you never learn how to discipline yourself to do unpleasant things, and when you grow up you will always have trouble making yourself do things like your job, paying your bills, and saving money. In short, doing your own homework is the best way to go! ?You should do your own homework. Copying someone else is illegal, and you can get a failing grade or even be kicked out of school. If you cheat on your job, you can be fired or arrested and put into jail; the government will certainly find you if you cheat on your taxes! Copying someone else’s homework also means that you never learn how to do that work for yourself, so when you need the information later (let’s say the teacher actually gives you a test on it where you can’t copy! ) then you don’t know how to do it and you get another bad grade. Also, if you don’t do your homework, you never learn how to discipline yourself to do unpleasant things, and when you grow up you will always have trouble making yourself do things like your job, paying your bills, and saving money. In short, doing your own homework is the best way to go! ?You should do your own homework. Copying someone else is illegal, and you can get a failing grade or even be kicked out of school. If you cheat on your job, you can be fired or arrested and put into jail; the government will certainly find you if you cheat on your taxes! Copying someone else’s homework also means that you never learn how to do that work for yourself, so when you need the information later (let’s say the teacher actually gives you a test on it where you can’t copy! Then you don’t know how to do it and you get another bad grade. Also, if you don’t do your homework, you never learn how to discipline yourself to do unpleasant things, and when you grow up you will always have trouble making yourself do things like your job, paying your bills, and saving money. In short, doing your own homework is the best way to go! ?You should do your own homework.